Can BGP Route Reflectors Really Generate Forwarding Loops?
TL&DR Summary: Yes (if you’re clumsy enough).
A while ago I read Impact of Graceful IGP Operations on BGP – an article that described how changes in IGP topology result in temporary (or sometimes even permanent) forwarding loops in networks using BGP route reflectors.
Is the problem real? Yes, it is. Could you generate a BGP RR topology that results in a permanent forwarding loop? Yes. It’s not that hard.
What Exactly Is The Control Plane?
Tassos opened an interesting can of worms in a comment to my Management, Control and Data Planes post: Is ICMP response to a forwarded packet (TTL exceeded, fragmentation needed or destination unreachable) a control- or data-plane activity?
Overlay Virtual Networks 101
My keynote speech @ PLNOG11 conference was focused on (surprise, surprise) overlay virtual networks and described the usual motley crew: The Annoying Problem, The Hated VLAN, The Overlay Unicorn, The Control-Plane Wisdom and The Ever-Skeptic Use Case. You can view the presentation on my web site; PLNOG organizers promised video recording in mid-October.
Just in case you’re wondering why I keep coming back to PLNOG: they’re not only as good as ever; they’re getting even more creative.
TTL in Overlay Virtual Networks
After we get rid of the QoS FUD, the next question I usually get when discussing overlay networks is “how should these networks treat IP TTL?”
As (almost) always, the answer is “It depends.”
OpenStack Quantum (Neutron) Plug-In: There Can Only Be One
OpenStack seems to have a great architecture: all device-specific code is abstracted into plugins that have a well-defined API, allowing numerous (more or less innovative) implementations under the same umbrella orchestration system.
Looks great in PowerPoint, but to an uninitiated outsider looking at the network (Quantum, now Neutron) plugin through the lenses of OpenStack Neutron documentation, it looks like it was designed by either a vendor or a server-focused engineer using NIC device driver concepts.
The Intricacies of Optimal Layer-3 Forwarding
I must have confused a few readers with my blog posts describing Arista’s VARP and Enterasys’ Fabric Routing – I got plenty of questions along the lines of “how does it really work behind the scenes?” Let’s shed some light on those dirty details.
Published on , commented on March 10, 2023
To ULA or Not to ULA, That’s the Question
Ed Horley, an awesome IPv6 geek I had the privilege to meet at NFD6, wrote an interesting blog post arguing against IPv6 ULA usage (particularly when combined with NPT66). We would all love to get rid of NAT, however ...
IPv6-Only Data Center: Q&A Time
Not surprisingly, the unorthodox ideas of Tore Anderson generated plenty of questions, so he spent ~20 minutes answering them.
OpenFlow and Fermi Estimates
Fast advances in networking technologies (and the pixie dust sprinkled on them) blinded us – we lost our gut feeling and rule-of-thumb. Guess what, contrary to what we love to believe, networking isn’t unique. Physicists faced the same challenge for a long time; one of them was so good that they named the whole problem category after him.
Every time someone tries to tell you what your problem is, and how their wonderful new gizmo will solve it, it’s time for another Fermi estimate.
Know Thy Boundaries
Every mid-sized company usually has legal counsel on staff (we have two lawyers for ~100 employees, but we might be a bit specific), that will escalate to an external law firm as necessary. Usually this would be when dealing with extraordinary events such as lawsuits or negotiation of a complex agreement.
Configure physical firewalls based on VM groups? Sure, use DSE from Plexxi
Plexxi has an interesting problem. They have a shiny new solution that requires unorthodox approaches to network forwarding and allows them to implement potentially cool concepts like affinities (traffic engineering in disguise). They also need to sell these new concepts to the customers, and the first question I would ask after recovering from a hefty dose of cool-aid is "and how do I configure these affinities?"
Net::Beer @ PLNOG 11
I'll be talking about overlay virtual networks and clouds @ PLNOG 11 (September 30th - October 1st in Krakow) - if you're there and would like to chat with me, send me an email or a tweet.
Also, the organizers sent me this great promotional picture - I simply have to publish it ;)
Do You REALLY Want to Program Your Network?
The primary benefit of SDN (as claimed by its promoters) is a geek’s dream: the ability to program the network (or, more precisely, control network’s behavior through programmable tools).
Sounds great – we’ll finally be able to fix that pesky detail the vendor never wanted to implement (probably for a good reason). But should we REALLY do that?
SIIT – The Magic Behind IPv6-only Data Center
Remember Tore Anderson’s IPv6-only data center design he described in last June’s webinar? Wondered how he got it done? The secret sauce he used is SIIT – the stateless IPv6-to-IPv4 translation technology. His trick: turning it around.
Layer-2 Extension (OTV) Use Cases
I was listening to the fantastic OTV Deep Dive PQ Packet Pushers podcast while biking around the wonderful Slovenian forests. They started the podcast by discussing OTV use cases, Ethan throwing in long-distance vMotion (the usual long-distance L2 extension selling point), but refreshingly some of the engineers said “well, that’s not really the use case we see in real life.”
So what were the use cases they were mentioning?